What is PCOS?
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, or PCOS, is a common health problem. It affects women of childbearing age. In fact, PCOS can cause irregular periods, excess hair growth, and other symptoms. Many women with PCOS have small cysts on their ovaries. However, not everyone with PCOS has these cysts. PCOS can also affect hormone levels in the body. Because of this, it may impact fertility and overall health.
Common Symptoms of PCOS
PCOS symptoms can vary from person to person. Some women may have only a few signs, while others may have many. Still, it is important to know the most common symptoms. Early recognition can help you seek care sooner.
Not every woman with PCOS will have all these symptoms. But if you notice several of them, you should talk to your doctor.
Causes and Risk Factors
Doctors do not know the exact cause of PCOS. However, several factors may play a role. For example, genetics can increase your risk. If your mother or sister has PCOS, you may be more likely to have it too. In addition, high levels of certain hormones, like insulin and androgens, can lead to PCOS symptoms. Insulin helps control blood sugar. When your body makes too much insulin, it can cause the ovaries to make more male hormones. This can lead to symptoms like extra hair growth and acne.
Other risk factors include:
Although these factors can raise your risk, PCOS can affect women of all shapes and sizes.
How is PCOS Diagnosed?
Doctors use several steps to diagnose PCOS. First, they ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, they may do a physical exam. This can include checking your weight, blood pressure, and signs of extra hair growth. Often, your doctor will order blood tests. These tests check hormone levels and rule out other causes. In many cases, an ultrasound is also done. This test looks at your ovaries and uterus. It helps doctors see if there are cysts or other changes.
To be diagnosed with PCOS, you usually need to have at least two of these:
Because PCOS symptoms can look like other health problems, it is important to see a healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis. (Source: CDC)
Treatment Options for PCOS
There is no cure for PCOS, but treatment can help manage symptoms. Your doctor will suggest a plan based on your needs. Treatment often includes both medical and lifestyle changes.
Medical Treatments
Lifestyle Changes
Sometimes, a mix of treatments works best. Your doctor will help you choose what is right for you. (Source: WHO)
Prevention and Self-Care Tips
While you cannot always prevent PCOS, healthy habits can lower your risk. They can also help manage symptoms. For example, staying active and eating well can improve hormone balance. In addition, keeping a healthy weight may help your periods become more regular.
Here are some self-care tips:
Remember, small changes can make a big difference over time.
When to See a Doctor
If you notice signs of PCOS, do not wait to seek help. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent problems later. For example, untreated PCOS can raise the risk of diabetes and heart disease. Therefore, regular check-ups are important.
Consult a healthcare specialist at Patna IVF & Endosurgery Centre for personalized advice on PCOS.